In years 1598-1619 the castle was rebuilt, which obtained an appearance similar to today's. The city has expanded significantly, acquired waterworks, the more important streets were lined with bricks or paved with stones. The first manufactories started to appear. The number of inhabitants grew dynamically (w 1620 – 12000, w 1655 – 20000).

In years 1621-24 the city was surrounded by bastion earth fortifications, which constituted the actual border of the city. W 1632 r. King Władysław IV was elected in Wola. During the reign of King Władysław IV (1634-48) an arsenal was built, Dominican monastery (1639-50). Numerous churches and monasteries were built, brick palaces and wooden mansions. W 1648 r. Praga and Leszno were granted city rights. Jurydyk's development has begun (private and ecclesiastical land or real estate within the city excluded from municipal jurisdiction) competing with old Warsaw.

The reign of Jan Kazimierz (1648-68) it was not peaceful. W 1655 r. exhausted by the Cossack wars, the Republic of Poland was invaded by the Swedish army under the command of Charles X Gustav, and then the Transylvanian army under the command of Rakoczy. Eventually, foreign troops left Warsaw in June 1657 r. The city was devastated, and the population dropped to 4000. The period of reconstruction and expansion of the city began, especially intense during the reign of King Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki (1669-73). For King Jan III Sobieski (1674-97) many churches and monasteries were built, magnate residences, Juridics developed. Wilanów was expanded (1677 r.).

Beginning of the 18th century. it is a regression due to the Northern War. After 1716 r. there was a fairly long period of peace, which enabled the reconstruction and expansion of the city. Many artists and scholars were brought to Warsaw, mainly from Saxony. New urban layouts have been developed (m.in. was marked out so-called. Saxon axis). The number of inhabitants of Warsaw increased in 1764 r. do 30 thousands. The reign of Franciszek Bieliński – of the Grand Marshal of the Crown in the years 1742-66 – brought order to the city (marking out new streets, pavement hardening, street lighting, construction of public wells). W 1765 r. The Knight's School was established in the Kazimierzowski Palace. W 1766 r. the mint at the Ujazdowski Palace was launched (open until 1794 r.). Manufactories operated in the city: bell foundry in the Old Town, farfumia in Belvedere, Dangla carriage factory and others. W 1770 r. on the then outskirts of the city, earth fortifications were built, known as the embankments of Stanisław Lubomirski. At 8 tolls were set up on the exit routes. From 1772 r. it was forbidden to bury the deceased in church cemeteries. Therefore, outside the city limits, Large cemeteries were built near Powązki: Catholic, Evangelical-Augsburg, Evangelical Reformed and Jewish. W końcu XVIII w. many buildings in the classicist style were built or rebuilt.