WITH 1408 r. the first mention of Nowa Warsaw comes from. The first document with a seal with the coat of arms of Warsaw, with a siren, it is dated to the beginning of the 15th century. W 1413 r. the city rights were confirmed by a location act. During the reign of Prince Janusz I the Elder (d. 1429) the castle was rebuilt into a prince's residence. At that time, there were mills in the city, shearing cloth, full sheets, brickyards, transport across the Vistula. W 1461 r. prince Bolesław IV (grandson of Janusz I) established four fairs and further privileges. At that time, there was a large influx of German merchants and craftsmen from Duchy of Prussia, where there was the Thirteen Years' War with the Order. The developing craft began to organize itself into guilds. After the annexation of Prussia to Poland, 1466 r. (around the Toruń peace) trade picked up.

Childless and unexpected death of the last two Mazovian princes: Stanislaus (d. 1524) and Janusz III (d. 1526) resulted in the incorporation of Mazovia into the Crown. Warsaw became a royal city. On the castle, in the House of Minor, Princess Anna Mazowiecka lived for life. W 1538 r. Zygmunt I issued privileges for the New Town. During the reign of Sigismund II Augustus, the Barbican was built (1548). W 1556 r. the first Seym in Warsaw took place. W 1558 r. Zygmunt August began building the first permanent bridge over the Vistula River (His sister Anna Jagiellonka graduated from it 1573 r.). The king spent his winters in Warsaw. At the EU Sejm in Lublin (1569) Warsaw was designated the site of the general assemblies of the Crown, the first of which sat from 29 April to 11 July 1570 r. The castle was rebuilt for a year.

After the death of Zygmunt August, the Convocation Seym in 1573 r. appointed Warsaw as the place of elections. Henryk Waleze was elected in the fields of the village of Kamion. In the same year, the Warsaw Confederation was established – a document that guarantees broad religious tolerance and equality for non-believers. Also in 1573 r. the first permanent bridge over the Vistula was built (destroyed by flood in 1603 r., later replaced by a skating bridge). W 1575 r. Anna Jagiellonka was elected. Staying at the court, the meetings of the nobility to parliaments and elections as well as the lively trade on the Vistula caused the rapid development of Warsaw. W 1579 r. Stefan Batory was elected, w 1587 r. election of Sigismund III Vasa. W 1586 r. The first bookstore was established in the city (Paweł Fabricius received the privilege to launch it). 18 brand 1596 r. Zygmunt III Waza, together with the court, left for Warsaw after the Wawel fire in 1595 r. The relocation of the manor house was completed in 1611 r. When the court moved to Warsaw, until the end of the First Republic of Poland, it became a residential city of Polish kings and the actual capital of Poland..