GÓRZNO
The city is located in the Dobrzyń Lake District, on the Młyńskie lakes (surface 26 ha, depth 6 m) and Górzno (surface 47 ha, depth 16 m), near the west. the edge of the Górzno-Lidzbark Landscape Park. Ok. 1400 inhabitant, seat of the commune office. A summer resort.
As a settlement mentioned in 1229 as the property of the Płock bishops.
W 1325 r. a parish was established here and a religious congregation of canons, regular guardians of the Jerusalem tomb, was settled, in Poland called the Holy Sepulchres or Miechowits. Municipal rights in 1327 r. from the grant of Florian, the Bishop of Płock. W 1410 r. Teutonic army captured and plundered the existing castle. Successful development until the end of the 17th century. W 1629 r. Near the city, the lost battle of the Polish troops under the command of Stanisław Potocki. with the Swedish army of King Gustav II Adolf. After the battle, the Swedes captured the castle of Płock bishops, they plundered and burned the city. Further devastation of the city was caused by the Swedish invasion (in years 1655-60), northern war (w 1702 r.), epidemic (np. in years 1660-61) and numerous marches of troops, as a result, Górzno fell into decline temporarily in the years 1773-1833 was deprived of its municipal rights. In years 1772-1920 found itself in the Prussian partition (excluding years 1807-15, when it belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw).
During the January Uprising numerous skirmishes in the vicinity of the city.
W 2 half. XIX w. there was a slight economic recovery of the city. During the war 1920 r. the city was occupied by the Bolshevik army. During World War II, the surrounding forests were a refuge for partisan units operating in the area.
The historic spatial arrangement has been preserved (a quadrilateral square on the plan of an elongated rectangle with streets overlooking the shorter frontage of the square).
Parish Church. pw. Holy Cross, baroque-classicist, present built in the years 1765-1812. Single-bay, four-span with a porch and two towers, brick and plastered. On display at the site of earlier churches: original from the 14th century, burnt in 1443 r., wooden, destroyed by the Swedes in 1629 r. and another wooden one, destroyed in 1763 r. From the foundation of the first church to 1830 r. the hosts of the temple were members of the Holy Sepulcher. Rococo interior fittings. Three altars with 2 half. 18th century, 2 of them – main and left side – they are decorated with figures of monks and dignitaries of the Holy Sepulcher Congregation and crosses with double horizontal arms used by this order. In the main altar, there is a painting of the Virgin Mary with Child, which enjoys local cult, painted in the 17th century.
Mount Bocieniec, former late medieval stronghold, place, where it was probably built in the 14th century. castle of Płock bishops, destroyed in 1629 r., demolished approx. 1765 r. Currently, the management of the Górzno-Lidzbark Landscape Park and the modern Center for Ecological Education "Wilga" are located here.. Great view point.
Natural Monument – white horse chestnut (in the market), Wielopienny, with a circumference of over 500 cm.
Near City (2 km to the south. east) nature reserve "Szumny Zdrój im. Kazimierz Sulisławski ", created in 1958 r. on the surface 37,16 ha in order to protect a huge niche with steep wells, coming to 20 m deep, steep and rocky slopes in places, uneven bottom, situated at the junction of the moraine plateau and the lake gutter. The slopes are covered with hornbeam and linden forest, a bottom ash and alder brood With an exceptionally large number of wild garlic. Daphnia and anemones are also quite numerous here, and less numerous slippers and Fuchs' old man.
At distance 4 km to the north. east. the "Ostrowy nad Brynica" nature reserve, created in 1962 r. on the surface 2,06 ha to protect the mixed forest: pine-lime-oak, over a hundred years old, with rich xerothermic vegetation in the undergrowth.